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Medieval Warfare and Castles
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Medieval Warfare and Castles
⚔️ Part 1: The Norman Invasion and Medieval Warfare
1. In which year did the Norman Invasion of England take place?
1066
1056
1076
1086
2. Who led the Norman forces during the invasion?
Harold Godwinson
William the Conqueror
Edward the Confessor
Richard the Lionheart
3. Which of the following were key features of Norman military tactics? (Select all that apply)
Heavy cavalry charges
Feigned retreats
Crossbow units
Shield walls
4. The famous battle that decided the Norman conquest was called the Battle of ______________.
5. Explain why the Norman victory was significant for English history.
🏰 Part 2: Castle Development and Defence
6. What type of early fortification did the Normans first build in England?
Stone keep castles
Motte and bailey castles
Concentric castles
Hill forts
7. Which castle features became more advanced during the medieval period? (Select all that apply)
Murder holes
Portcullis gates
Arrow loops
Moats
8. A ______________ was the artificial mound on which the main tower was built, whilst the ______________ was the enclosed courtyard area.
9. Describe three defensive features of a medieval castle and explain how each helped protect against attackers.
🛡️ Part 3: Siege Warfare and Technology
10. Which siege weapon was used to hurl large stones at castle walls?
Battering ram
Trebuchet
Crossbow
Siege ladder
11. Explain why castles became less effective as military fortifications by the end of the medieval period.
12. Draw and label a simple diagram of a motte and bailey castle, showing at least 4 key features.
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