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Newton's Second Law
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Newton's Second Law
📚 Part 1: Understanding F = ma
1. Newton's Second Law states that force equals mass times acceleration. What is the formula?
F = m + a
F = ma
F = m - a
F = m ÷ a
2. If you apply the same force to two objects, one with more mass will have:
Greater acceleration
Less acceleration
The same acceleration
No acceleration
3. Which units are correct for each variable? (Check all that apply)
Force is measured in Newtons (N)
Mass is measured in kilograms (kg)
Acceleration is measured in m/s²
Mass is measured in pounds
4. Complete the equation: If F = 20 N and m = 4 kg, then a = _______ m/s²
Show your work:
🔬 Part 2: Analyzing Data and Graphs
5. Based on your experiment data, describe the relationship between force and acceleration when mass stays constant:
6. What happens to acceleration when you double the mass but keep force the same?
Acceleration doubles
Acceleration is cut in half
Acceleration stays the same
Acceleration becomes zero
7. A toy car has a mass of 2 kg. If you want it to accelerate at 3 m/s², how much force do you need to apply?
Given: m = _______ kg, a = _______ m/s², F = ?
Answer: F = _______ N
🚗 Part 3: Real-World Applications
8. A 1,500 kg car accelerates at 2 m/s². What force is the engine providing?
9. Explain why it's harder to push a full shopping cart than an empty one, using Newton's Second Law:
10. A baseball (mass = 0.15 kg) is hit with a force of 150 N. Calculate its acceleration:
The baseball's acceleration is _______ m/s²
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