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How Are Volcanoes Formed?
A Geography Adventure for Year 3 Exploring Earth's Amazing Mountains of Fire
What is a Volcano?
A special mountain where hot melted rock comes out of the Earth The melted rock is called magma when it's underground When magma comes out, it's called lava Volcanoes can be active, dormant, or extinct
Tectonic Plates - Earth's Moving Puzzle Pieces
Earth's crust is broken into giant pieces called tectonic plates These plates move very slowly - like your fingernails growing When plates move apart or push together, magma can escape This is how most volcanoes are formed
Parts of a Volcano
Can you name the different parts? Magma Chamber - underground pool of melted rock Vent - the opening where lava comes out Crater - the bowl-shaped area at the top Lava Flow - melted rock flowing down the sides
Types of Volcanoes
{"left":"Shield Volcanoes: Gentle slopes like a warrior's shield, Made from runny lava that flows far, Example: Hawaiian volcanoes","right":"Stratovolcanoes: Steep sides like a mountain peak, Made from thick lava and ash, Example: Mount Fuji in Japan"}
Famous Volcanoes Around the World
Mount Etna in Italy - one of the most active volcanoes Eyjafjallajökull in Iceland - stopped air travel in 2010 Mount Vesuvius in Italy - buried the city of Pompeii long ago These volcanoes are all in Europe, not far from the UK!
Why Are Volcanoes Important?
Volcanoes create new land and islands Volcanic soil is very fertile for growing crops They help scientists learn about Earth's interior But they can also be dangerous to people living nearby What do you think we should do about volcanic hazards?
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