Atoms, Elements, and Compounds Review
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Atoms, Elements, and Compounds Review
Year 8 Science Understanding Matter at the Molecular Level
What is an Atom?
Smallest unit of matter Building blocks of all elements Cannot be broken down by chemical means Made up of three types of particles
Structure of an Atom
Nucleus at the center Contains protons (positive charge) Contains neutrons (no charge) Electrons orbit the nucleus (negative charge)
Subatomic Particles
{"left":"Protons: Positive charge, Located in nucleus, Determine atomic number\nNeutrons: No electrical charge, Located in nucleus, Add mass to atom","right":"Electrons: Negative charge, Orbit the nucleus, Determine chemical properties"}
What are Elements?
Pure substances made of only one type of atom Cannot be broken down into simpler substances Each element has a unique atomic number 118 known elements in the periodic table
Element Detective
Look at these atomic numbers: 6 protons = ? 8 protons = ? 1 proton = ? Use your periodic table to identify!
What are Compounds?
Two or more different elements chemically bonded Have different properties from their elements Can be broken down by chemical reactions Examples: Water (H₂O), Salt (NaCl)
Elements vs Compounds
{"left":"Made of one type of atom only\nCannot be broken down chemically\nFound on periodic table\nExamples: Gold, Oxygen, Carbon","right":"Made of different atoms bonded together\nCan be broken down into simpler substances\nHave chemical formulas\nExamples: Water, Carbon dioxide, Sugar"}
Think and Discuss
Is salt (NaCl) an element or compound? How many different elements are in water? What makes carbon different from oxygen?
Key Takeaways
Atoms are the building blocks of all matter Elements are pure substances with one type of atom Compounds form when different elements bond together Understanding atomic structure helps explain chemical behavior